
Mastering the Six Phases of PECS: A Step-by-Step Guide
Studies show that children who use PECS often start developing verbal communication alongside their picture exchanges!
Key Points
- PECS is taught in six structured phases
- Each phase builds upon previous skills
- Progress happens at the child's own pace
- Consistent practice is essential
- Celebration of small wins encourages progress
The Six Phases of PECS
Phase 1: How to Communicate
In this initial phase, children learn the basic exchange: giving a picture to receive a desired item. The focus is on teaching the physical action of communication.
Key Activities:
- Present a single picture of a desired item
- Guide the child to exchange it
- Immediately reward successful exchanges
Phase 2: Distance and Persistence
Children learn that communication works even when items or communication partners aren't immediately visible.
Goals:
- Using pictures in different locations
- Communicating with different people
- Persisting when communication isn't immediately successful
Phase 3: Picture Discrimination
This phase teaches children to select specific pictures from multiple options.
Implementation:
- Introduce multiple pictures
- Teach selection based on preference
- Use a PECS Communication Book
- Encourage independent initiation
Phase 4: Sentence Structure
Children begin forming simple sentences using picture combinations.
Example:
- "I want" + item picture
- Combining action and object pictures
- Building more complex requests
Phase 5: Responsive Requesting
The focus shifts to answering questions and responding to prompts.
Skills Developed:
- Answering "What do you want?"
- Making spontaneous requests
- Expanding communication vocabulary
Phase 6: Commenting
The final phase develops the ability to comment on the environment and experiences.
Communication Examples:
- "I see" statements
- "I hear" observations
- Expressing feelings and opinions
Implementation Tips
- Start with highly motivating items
- Be consistent with responses
- Celebrate every success
- Practice in various settings
- Involve all caregivers in the process
Remember: Progress through these phases should be guided by your child's comfort and success at each level.